Conquering Fears of Competition（征服对于竞赛的恐惧）

小臭贝

This week’s Speedo Tip of the Week comes from Dr. Aimee Kimball, director of mental training at the University of Pittsburgh’s Medical Center’s Center for Sports Medicine. Kimball offers some advice on conquering fears in competition.
本周的Speedo贴士来自艾梅.金博博士（Aimee Kimball）。他是匹兹堡大学医学中心的运动医药中心的智力训练部的主管。他提供了一些关于征服对于竞赛的恐惧的一些建议。

Kimball’s Tip:
金博的贴士：
Fear itself is relatively normal. Most athletes have some concern about performing poorly. Issues arise when athletes focus more on the negative emotions of not doing well rather than on the excitement they feel if they have a good race. Basically, there are two types of athletes, those with a positive approach who focus on achieving success (they “swim to win”) and those with a negative focus who work to avoid failure (they “swim not to lose.”) Start by asking your athletes why they think they wouldn’t do well in the first place. If they trust their training, their coach, work hard in practice and have a healthy lifestyle, then there is no legitimate reason why they can’t compete to their potential. Then, turn the focus to why they think they should succeed. Have them make a list of the fundamental things they need to do to swim well. It’s as simple as having a great start, a smooth stroke, a strong kick, etc. By having your athletes simplify the sport and recognize that all they need to do to have a good race is swim, it helps to build their confidence and assuage their fears.
恐惧本身是相当正常的。许多运动员都有害怕表现不好的忧虑。可是，当运动员关注因为做的不好而带来的消极情绪多于当他们游的很好时的那种兴奋感觉时，问题就升级了。一般来说，有两种类型的运动员，一类是带有积极的方法，更关注取得成功（他们游泳是为了要赢），另一类则是消极的态度，他们避免错误（他们游泳是为了不要输）。首先，问问你的运动员为什么他们认为他们做不好。如果他们相信他们的训练，他们的教练，在训练中非常刻苦，生活方式也非常健康，那么就没有合理的理由说他们不能发掘出自己的潜能。然后，把他们的注意力转移到为什么他们认为他们应该成功。让他们列一张表，内容是他们要想游的好需要做的一些基本的事情。内容可以简单到比如要有一个好的出发，平滑的泳姿，强力的打腿等等。让你的运动员把运动简单化，并让他们意识到，要想游的好他们要做的就是游，这可以帮助树立他们的自信心并缓和他们的恐惧心理。